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AP Biology Biological Macromolecules — practice questions

Explore 59 free Biological Macromolecules questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Biological Macromolecules questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–30 of 59.

Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and one other group make up the four major classes of biological macromolecules. The fourth is:Read the answer and worked solution →When two monomers join to build a polymer, the small molecule released is:Read the answer and worked solution →Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a characteristic ratio written as:Read the answer and worked solution →Carbohydrates are classified into three subtypes: monosaccharides, polysaccharides and:Read the answer and worked solution →A typical fat molecule is built from one glycerol bonded to:Read the answer and worked solution →The two main types of nucleic acid found in cells are RNA and:Read the answer and worked solution →Every nucleotide is built from a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base and:Read the answer and worked solution →The base thymine appears in DNA but in RNA it is replaced by:Read the answer and worked solution →A sugar carrying an aldehyde functional group is classified as:Read the answer and worked solution →Sucrose, ordinary table sugar, is a disaccharide assembled from:Read the answer and worked solution →Most unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature because a cis double bond:Read the answer and worked solution →Phospholipids are described as amphipathic because a single molecule carries:Read the answer and worked solution →Cholesterol belongs to which class of lipid?Read the answer and worked solution →How many types of amino acid are commonly used to build proteins?Read the answer and worked solution →Lysine and arginine are called basic amino acids because their side chains are:Read the answer and worked solution →A polypeptide chain has a free amino group at one end. That end is called the:Read the answer and worked solution →Bases in nucleic acids fall into two categories. Cytosine, thymine and uracil are:Read the answer and worked solution →Termites can survive on wood because they:Read the answer and worked solution →A fatty acid is named omega-3 when the:Read the answer and worked solution →Sickle cell disease arises from a change in hemoglobin at:Read the answer and worked solution →Denaturation is often reversible because the process leaves intact the protein's:Read the answer and worked solution →Sort each molecule into its classRead the answer and worked solution →Saturated or unsaturated?Read the answer and worked solution →Build a protein from the ground upRead the answer and worked solution →Match each term to what it meansRead the answer and worked solution →Complete the synthesis ruleRead the answer and worked solution →True or false: macromoleculesRead the answer and worked solution →Which one does not belong?Read the answer and worked solution →Tap only the pyrimidine basesRead the answer and worked solution →The human haploid genome contains about how many base pairs?Read the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and one other group make up the four major classes of biological macromolecules. The fourth is:

  1. Vitamins
  2. Steroids
  3. Proteins
  4. Minerals
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Correct answer: C. Proteins

1. Macromolecules are the large carbon-based molecules a cell builds from monomers. 2. There are four major classes of them: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. 3. Vitamins, steroids and minerals are not classes of macromolecule; steroids are one kind of lipid. 4. So the missing fourth class is proteins. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 3 'Biological Macromolecules', sections 3.1-3.5_

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When two monomers join to build a polymer, the small molecule released is:

  1. Oxygen
  2. Water
  3. Carbon
  4. Sodium
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Correct answer: B. Water

1. Polymers are assembled by dehydration synthesis reactions. 2. The name means 'to put together while losing water'. 3. One monomer gives up a hydroxyl group and the other a hydrogen, and these leave together. 4. The molecule released is therefore water. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 3 'Biological Macromolecules', sections 3.1-3.5_

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Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a characteristic ratio written as:

  1. C2H4O
  2. CHO2
  3. CH2O
  4. C2HO
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Correct answer: C. CH2O

1. The word carbohydrate means carbon hydrated with water. 2. That description fixes the proportions of the three elements. 3. The ratio is CH2O, one carbon to two hydrogens to one oxygen. 4. The other formulas do not preserve the two-to-one hydrogen to oxygen proportion. _Source: OpenStax Biology for AP(R) Courses (CC BY 4.0), Ch 3 'Biological Macromolecules', sections 3.1-3.5_

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