Net radiation between a small surface at T_s and a much larger surrounding at T_sur is approximately:
A$q'' = \sigma(T_s + T_{sur})$
B$q'' = \varepsilon\sigma(T_s^4 - T_{sur}^4)$
C$q'' = h(T_s - T_{sur})$
D$q'' = k(T_s^2 - T_{sur}^2)$
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. $q'' = \varepsilon\sigma(T_s^4 - T_{sur}^4)$
**Surface-to-surrounding net radiation:** $\varepsilon\sigma(T_s^4 - T_{sur}^4)$.
Note BOTH temperatures appear to the FOURTH power
both must be in absolute (Kelvin) units.
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