With reference to the Parliament of India, consider the following statements: 1. Prorogation of a House by the President of India does not require the advice of the Council of Ministers. 2. Prorogation of a House is generally done after the House is adjourned sine die but there is no bar to the President of India prorogating the House which is in session. 3. Dissolution of the Lok Sabha is done by the President of India who, save in exceptional circumstances, does so on the advice of the Council of Ministers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Answer: C. Statements 2 and 3 are correct; Statement 1 is wrong. Statement 1 is WRONG. Prorogation by the President is exercised on the ADVICE of the Council of Ministers under Article 74. The President does NOT prorogate on his/her own. All presidential acts of summoning, proroguing and dissolving Parliament are bound by ministerial advice (with very narrow exceptions for dissolution). Statement 2 is CORRECT. Prorogation typically follows adjournment sine die, but Article 85(2)(a) does NOT bar the President from proroguing a House while it is in session. The constitutional language merely empowers the President to prorogue; it does not require prior adjournment. Statement 3 is CORRECT. Dissolution of the Lok Sabha is done by the President (Article 85(2)(b)), normally on the advice of the Council of Ministers. In exceptional cases (loss of majority, hung Parliament), the President may exercise some discretion, but this is rare. Source: Article 85 / Article 74 of the Constitution / NCERT Class 11 Indian Constitution at Work.