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Delaware's infant mortality rate in 2001 was 10.7 per 1,000 live births and New Hampshire's was 3.8 per 1,000. What is the ratio of the two rates?
A6.9 to 1
B0.4 to 1
C2.8 to 1
D14.5 to 1
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. 2.8 to 1
1. Rates can form the numerator and denominator of a ratio just as counts can.
2. Divide the Delaware rate by the New Hampshire rate: 10.7 divided by 3.8 equals 2.816.
3. Rounded to one decimal place that is 2.8, reported as 2.8 to 1.
4. Subtracting instead of dividing gives 6.9, which is a difference in rate, not a ratio.
5. Adding gives 14.5 and inverting gives 0.4, so both of those describe something other than Delaware relative to New Hampshire.
_Source: CDC Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice (3rd ed., US federal, public domain), Lesson 3 "Measures of Risk", section Method for calculating a ratio_
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