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For which group of diseases has the epidemiologic triad proved an inadequate model?
ADiseases carried from animal reservoirs to human beings
BDiseases whose agent is a chemical rather than a microbe
CDiseases that spread by droplet rather than by contact
DDiseases with many contributing causes and no necessary one
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Diseases with many contributing causes and no necessary one
1. The triad assumes one agent that must be present for the disease to occur.
2. Cardiovascular disease and cancer arise from several contributing causes, none of which is necessary on its own.
3. The triad therefore breaks down for that group, which is why multifactorial models were proposed.
4. Diseases from animal reservoirs are ordinary infectious diseases and fit the triad well.
5. Chemical and physical agents were absorbed into the widened concept of agent, so they do not break the model.
6. Droplet spread is a mode of transmission, which the triad accommodates inside the environment component.
_Source: CDC Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, 3rd Edition, section Causation_
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