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HIV leaves an infected immune cell by budding. What happens to that cell as the virions leave?
AIt bursts and frees all virions at once
BIt loses its genome to the leaving virus
CIt is not lysed and is not killed at once
DIt fuses with a neighbouring infected cell
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. It is not lysed and is not killed at once
1. Many animal viruses, HIV among them, leave the cell by budding, with virions departing one at a time.
2. During budding the cell does not undergo lysis and is not immediately killed.
3. Each departing virion takes a piece of the host plasma membrane with it as its envelope.
4. The cell may still be damaged enough that it can no longer work normally, even while it stays alive.
5. Bursting and releasing every virion at once describes lysis, the route used by rhinovirus, so that option names the other exit.
6. Nothing in budding transfers the host genome to the virus, so that option is invented.
_Source: OpenStax Biology (1st ed., CC BY 4.0), Ch 21 "Viruses", section 21.2 Virus Infections and Hosts_
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