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Ohm's law is described as being similar in nature to the law of friction. What does this comparison mean?
ABoth laws are exact for every possible material at every temperature
BBoth laws were derived purely from abstract mathematics, not measurement
CBoth laws describe forces rather than voltages or currents directly
DBoth laws are empirical, meaning they are experimentally observed phenomena
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. Both laws are empirical, meaning they are experimentally observed phenomena
1. Ohm's law is explicitly compared to the law of friction.
2. Both are labeled empirical laws, meaning they were found through experiment rather than pure theory.
3. Being empirical also implies they are not exact for every material or condition, unlike a derived mathematical identity.
4. This rules out the option claiming the laws are exact for every material at every temperature.
5. It also rules out the option claiming the laws came purely from abstract mathematics rather than measurement.
6. Friction and Ohm's law describe different physical quantities (force versus voltage and current), so the comparison is about their empirical status, not their subject matter, ruling out the last option.
7. The remaining option, that both are experimentally observed phenomena, matches the stated comparison exactly.
_Source: OpenStax Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 19 "Electrical Circuits", section Resistance and Ohm's Law_
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