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An object rests on an incline making an angle with the horizontal. How are the components of its weight written?
AParallel is mg cos of the angle, perpendicular is mg sin of it
BParallel is mg tan of the angle, perpendicular is mg cos of it
CParallel is mg sin of the angle, perpendicular is mg cos of it
DParallel is mg sin of the angle, perpendicular is mg tan of it
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C. Parallel is mg sin of the angle, perpendicular is mg cos of it
1. The angle of the incline equals the angle between the weight and its perpendicular component.
2. Taking the cosine of that angle gives the perpendicular component divided by the weight.
3. So the perpendicular component is the weight times the cosine, that is mg cos of the angle.
4. Taking the sine gives the parallel component divided by the weight.
5. So the parallel component is mg sin of the angle, and it drives the object down the slope.
6. Swapping the sine and the cosine is the standard slip on incline problems.
_Source: OpenStax College Physics (CC BY 4.0), Ch 4 "Dynamics: Force and Newton's Laws of Motion", section 4.5 Normal, Tension, and Other Examples of Forces_
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