Section 2(1)(d) of the Act defines **"arbitral tribunal"** to mean:

Question

Accepted Answer

D. {'text': 'A sole arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators', 'label': 'D'}

1. Section 2(1)(d) of the Act defines "arbitral tribunal" as **a sole arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators**.
2. The definition is therefore composition-neutral.
3. Section 2(1)(ca) separately defines "arbitral institution" as one designated by the Supreme Court or a High Court under the Act.
4. The other options narrow the definition contrary to the statute.
_Source: ICSI CS Executive Paper 1 — Jurisprudence, Interpretation & General Laws, Lesson 13 (Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996), pp. 297-303._

Answer

{'text': 'Only a permanent arbitral institution under any provision of any law in force in any State of India regardless of any other consideration of any kind under any law in force in any State of India regardless of any other consideration', 'label': 'A'}

Answer

{'text': 'Only a sole arbitrator under any provision of any law in force in any State of India regardless of any other consideration of any kind under any law in force in any State of India regardless of any other consideration', 'label': 'B'}

Answer

{'text': 'Only a panel of three arbitrators under any provision of any law in force in any State of India regardless of any other consideration of any kind under any law in force in any State of India', 'label': 'C'}