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Section 11(1) of the Act provides on the nationality of an arbitrator:
A{'text': 'Only an Indian national may be an arbitrator under any provision of any law in force in any State of India regardless of the consent of the parties to the arbitration agreement or the dispute concerned in the proceeding', 'label': 'A'}
B{'text': 'A person of any nationality may be an arbitrator, unless otherwise agreed by the parties', 'label': 'B'}
C{'text': 'Only a national of the country where the arbitration is held may be an arbitrator under any provision of any law in force in any State of India regardless of the consent of the parties to the arbitration agreement', 'label': 'C'}
D{'text': 'Only a national of a Commonwealth country may be an arbitrator under any provision of any law in force in any State of India regardless of the consent of the parties to the arbitration agreement or the dispute', 'label': 'D'}
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B. {'text': 'A person of any nationality may be an arbitrator, unless otherwise agreed by the parties', 'label': 'B'}
1. Section 11(1) of the Act provides: "a person of **any nationality may be an arbitrator**, unless otherwise agreed by the parties."
2. The default supports cross-border neutrality.
3. The parties retain freedom to restrict nationality by agreement (e.g., insisting on a national of a neutral third state).
_Source: ICSI CS Executive Paper 1 — Jurisprudence, Interpretation & General Laws, Lesson 13 (Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996), pp. 297-303._
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