Constitution Amendment Bills under Article 368 fall into three categories based on the majority required. Which of the following correctly identifies the third category, requiring the highest threshold?

1. Constitution Amendment Bills under Article 368 are of three types based on the procedural threshold: 2. (a) **Simple majority** — used to alter certain matters mentioned in the Constitution itself (e.g. creation of new States). 3. (b) **Special majority** — majority of the total membership of each House AND not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting (the standard Article 368 route). 4. (c) **Special majority PLUS ratification** by the Legislatures of **not less than one-half of the States** by resolutions (proviso to Article 368(2)) — required for amendments affecting federal provisions such as Article 54, 55, 73, 162, 241, the Seventh Schedule and the representation of States. _Source: ICSI CS Executive — Lesson 2, Bill section (viii), p. 77._