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Clause (2) of Article 19 enumerates the heads under which the legislature may impose reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech and expression. Which of the following is NOT a head specified in Article 19(2)?
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: B.
1. Article 19(2) sets out eight permissible heads of restriction on free speech.
2. The eight heads are: sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, contempt of court, defamation, and incitement to an offence.
3. 'Economic stability of the State' is **not** one of the heads. Economic policy restrictions on speech cannot be justified under Article 19(2) — they would have to find shelter under another head such as public order.
4. The ICSI text presents the eight heads as a flowchart with the caption *Permissible Restrictions* — students should recall the closed list.
_Source: ICSI CS Executive — Lesson 2, Article 19(2) Permissible Restrictions chart, p. 40._
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