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Article 19(1) of the Constitution originally guaranteed citizens seven freedoms. Which of these was deleted from Article 19(1) by a later Constitutional Amendment?
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A.
1. Article 19(1) originally guaranteed seven freedoms including clause (f) — the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property.
2. The **44th Constitutional Amendment, 1978** deleted clause (f) along with Article 31; property is now a legal right under Article 300A.
3. After the deletion, Article 19(1) lists **six** freedoms: (a) speech and expression, (b) assembly, (c) association, (d) movement, (e) residence, (g) profession.
4. Options A, B and D are all surviving freedoms and have not been removed.
_Source: ICSI CS Executive — Lesson 2, 'Rights Relating to Freedom' and (f) deletion entry, pp. 38, 42._
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