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The Preamble describes India as a 'Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic'. The word 'Sovereign' in this expression most accurately conveys that:
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: C.
1. The Preamble characterises India's polity using four adjectives: Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic.
2. The ICSI text explains 'Sovereign' as signifying that the Republic is **externally and internally sovereign** — independence in the strict and narrowest sense of the term, all round.
3. Legal sovereignty is vested in the people of India; political sovereignty is distributed between the Union and the States, but the **sovereign character** itself is undivided.
4. Option A confuses political distribution of powers with sovereignty itself. Option B describes the executive head, not the sovereign attribute. Option D conflates legislative competence under Schedule VII with sovereignty.
_Source: ICSI CS Executive — Lesson 2 'Constitution of India', Preamble section, p. 26 ¶3._
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