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Which of the following is NOT among the criticisms of Austin's Command Theory listed in the unit?
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: A.
1. The unit lists four specific criticisms of Austin's theory.
2. Welfare-state social legislation does not 'command' people but confers benefits.
3. Modern sovereigns are not unlimited; they are bound by constitutions and international law.
4. Austin does not provide for judges making law — yet they clearly do.
5. International law was excluded by Austin because it lacks a sovereign — but 'no account of torts' is not among the unit's criticisms.
_Source: ICSI CS Executive Programme, Paper 1 "Jurisprudence, Interpretation and General Laws", Lesson 1 "Sources of Law" (Nov 2021 edition, pp 2-19)._
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