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In an Amazon VPC, what is the role of a security group?
AIt rotates IAM access keys on a predefined schedule
BIt physically wires up the network cables inside the AWS data center
CIt encrypts every object stored in S3 buckets across the account
DIt acts as a stateful virtual firewall attached to instances (and other ENIs), controlling allowed inbound and outbound traffic
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. It acts as a stateful virtual firewall attached to instances (and other ENIs), controlling allowed inbound and outbound traffic
A security group is an instance-level stateful firewall — return traffic is automatically allowed if the request was permitted. Network ACLs (NACLs) are the stateless subnet-level equivalent. The other options describe unrelated services.
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