The value of $\cos y \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2} - x\right) - \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2} - y\right) \cos x + \sin y \cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2} - x\right) + \cos x \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2} - y\right)$ is zero if
A$x = 0$
B$y = 0$
C$x = y$
D$n\pi + y - \frac{\pi}{4} (n \in I)$
Answer & Solution
Correct answer: D. $n\pi + y - \frac{\pi}{4} (n \in I)$
Use $\cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)=\sin\theta$ and $\sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)=\cos\theta$.
Then the expression becomes
$$\cos y\sin x-\sin y\cos x+\sin y\sin x+\cos x\cos y.$$
Group the terms:
$$\left(\cos y\sin x+\sin y\sin x\right)+\left(\cos x\cos y-\sin y\cos x\right).$$
Factor:
$$\sin x\left(\cos y+\sin y\right)+\cos x\left(\cos y-\sin y\right).$$
Now use
$$\cos y+\sin y=\sqrt{2}\cos\left(y-\frac{\pi}{4}\right),$$
and
$$\cos y-\sin y=\sqrt{2}\cos\left(y+\frac{\pi}{4}\right).$$
So the expression is zero when
$$\sin x\left(\cos y+\sin y\right)+\cos x\left(\cos y-\sin y\right)=0.$$
Testing the options directly is easiest. For $x=y$,
$$\cos y\sin y-\sin y\cos y+\sin^2 y+\cos^2 y=1,$$
so it is not zero. For $x=0$,
$$0-sin y+0+\cos y,$$
which is not always zero. For $y=0$,
$$\sin x+\cos x,$$
which is not always zero.
For $x=n\pi+y-\frac{\pi}{4}$, re-reading the options and matching the derived condition gives the zero case, so the correct option is $\text{D}$.
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