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AP Biology Genes and Proteins — practice questions

Explore 23 free Genes and Proteins questions in AP Biology Biology. Open each question or exercise to read its content, reference answers and available explanation.

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Genes and Proteins questions and exercises with answers

Showing questions 1–23 of 23.

Each amino acid is defined by a nucleotide sequence how many bases long?Read the answer and worked solution →Nucleotide triplets that specify amino acids are called:Read the answer and worked solution →Codons that terminate protein synthesis are called nonsense codons or:Read the answer and worked solution →Which codon specifies methionine and also serves to initiate translation?Read the answer and worked solution →How many of the 64 codons terminate protein synthesis?Read the answer and worked solution →The DNA sequence onto which RNA polymerase binds to begin transcription is the:Read the answer and worked solution →The genetic code is described as degenerate, meaning one amino acid can be encoded by:Read the answer and worked solution →Transcription requires the DNA double helix in the region of messenger RNA synthesis to:Read the answer and worked solution →RNA is synthesised in which direction, and by which enzyme?Read the answer and worked solution →The DNA strand from which transcription always proceeds for a given gene is the:Read the answer and worked solution →The nucleotide pair corresponding to the first messenger RNA nucleotide transcribed is called the:Read the answer and worked solution →Transfer RNA folds so that the amino acid binding site sits at one end and at the other end sits the:Read the answer and worked solution →The transcription elongation phase in prokaryotes begins with the release from the polymerase of the:Read the answer and worked solution →Inserting one or two nucleotides changes the triplet reading frame, altering the message for:Read the answer and worked solution →The universality of the genetic code is described as powerful evidence that life on Earth shares:Read the answer and worked solution →Sixty-four codons encode about twenty amino acids, which requires the code to be:Read the answer and worked solution →At the start of the elongation phase of translation, the initiating methionyl transfer RNA occupies the:Read the answer and worked solution →Once a prokaryotic gene is transcribed, termination signals instruct the polymerase to:Read the answer and worked solution →Order the path from gene to proteinRead the answer and worked solution →Match each gene expression termRead the answer and worked solution →Count the genetic codeRead the answer and worked solution →True or false: genes and proteinsRead the answer and worked solution →Complete the code rulesRead the answer and worked solution →

Worked practice questions

Each amino acid is defined by a nucleotide sequence how many bases long?

  1. Three bases
  2. Two bases
  3. Four bases
  4. Six bases
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Correct answer: A. Three bases

1. The genetic code reads DNA in fixed-size chunks. 2. Each amino acid is defined by a three-nucleotide sequence. 3. That sequence is called the triplet codon. 4. Three messenger RNA nucleotides correspond to one amino acid in the polypeptide. _Source: OpenStax Biology 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 'Genes and Proteins', sections 15.1-15.5_

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Nucleotide triplets that specify amino acids are called:

  1. The plasmids
  2. The codons
  3. The introns
  4. The exons
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Correct answer: B. The codons

1. The units of the genetic code have a specific name. 2. Each amino acid is defined by a three-nucleotide sequence. 3. These nucleotide triplets are called codons. 4. There are 64 codons in total. _Source: OpenStax Biology 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 'Genes and Proteins', sections 15.1-15.5_

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Codons that terminate protein synthesis are called nonsense codons or:

  1. Stop codons
  2. Start codons
  3. Sense codons
  4. Anticodons
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Correct answer: A. Stop codons

1. Not every codon adds an amino acid. 2. Three of the 64 codons terminate protein synthesis. 3. They release the polypeptide from the translation machinery. 4. These triplets are called nonsense codons, or stop codons. _Source: OpenStax Biology 2e (CC BY 4.0), Ch 15 'Genes and Proteins', sections 15.1-15.5_

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